UAM (Urban Air Mobility) that opens the way to the sky
SK Telecom introduced the UAM business goal through the 2022 Busan Motor Show and prepared an exhibition booth for air taxi virtual experience. UAM refers to an urban transport system based on electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) powered by electricity. The eVTOL can take off and land vertically without a runway, and noise is suppressed as much as driving in the city. It is attracting attention as a next-generation means of transportation in that there is no air pollution and it can be linked with various means of ground transportation.
Before delivering the contents related to UAM, it seems that terminology needs to be cleared up. As various terms such as flying car, PAV, drone taxi, air taxi, eVTOL, UAM, RAM, and AAM are being used interchangeably, it is necessary to use them without confusion. In the case of a flying car, it is commonly used as a means of transportation that can both drive on the road and in flight or as a pronoun for a means of transportation in the sky.
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eVTOL is an electric vehicle with low noise, no carbon emission, and is capable of vertical take-off and landing without a runway. In addition, it is called variously depending on the type of service, such as 'Drone Taxi', which refers to a public transportation service with low labor costs due to unmanned piloting and autonomous flight, and 'RAM', an inter-regional transportation service using eVTOL. Among these areas, SK Telecom and Hyundai Motor Group are promoting UAM. AAM is a concept that goes one step further from UAM and encompasses RAM (Regional Air Mobility). It refers to the area of eco-friendly gas development.
In the past, there have been studies on new transportation systems using air mobility, but as they used internal combustion engines, they were not free from problems that may occur in the city center, such as noise and pollution. However, with the advent of flying cars that combine drone technology and aircraft technology, it has become possible to overcome the shortcomings. Among various air mobility, eVTOL does not operate both in the sky and on the road like the existing flying car, and is represented as a UAM aircraft for public transportation services that is different from PAV, which is a personal aircraft.
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The advantages of eVTOL can be summarized into four categories. It has low noise during flight and has the performance and structure to set a reasonable level of fare. In addition, since several motors are mounted on the structure, even if there is more than one or two power systems, the flight can be continued through the remaining power systems. Lastly, the fact that there is no carbon emission during flight can be seen as an optimal condition for city driving.
The K-UAM policy roadmap announced in March of last year summarizes the target performance and operational concepts according to the initial (2025~), growth (2030~), and mature (2035~) stages. When it reaches maturity in 2035, it is expected that the flight distance will increase to 300 km (about Seoul-Daegu) thanks to an increase in battery capacity and weight reduction of the aircraft, and the speed will also increase from 150 km/h to 300 km/h in 2025. In particular, it is expected that the increase in routes due to autonomous flight, night flight, and the extension of the landing site and the economy of scale effect from the establishment of the aircraft mass production system will lead to the realization of fares, making it possible to popularize it as a means of transportation.
Even if the aircraft is developed, social infrastructure is required for UAM to actually operate. First of all, a skyway dedicated to UAM should be built at an altitude of 300~600m, which is slightly higher than the existing helicopter. Of course, a UAM landing site is also needed. This is the reason why several companies and organizations are collaborating with their heads in the UAM business. Hanwha Systems, SK Telecom, Korea Airports Corporation, Korea Transportation Research Institute, Korea Meteorological Industry and Technology Institute, etc. participated in the Team Korea UAM Consortium, which was created with the goal of commercializing UAM for tourism and public use in 2025.
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Among domestic companies, Hyundai Motor Group is the most active in the UAM field. Since 2020, Hyundai Motor Group has established an urban air mobility business-related corporation in the United States and has been conducting R&D on electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) devices. is preparing Supernal will introduce a fully electrified Urban Air Mobility (UAM) model optimized for urban operation in 2028, and a Regional Air Mobility (RAM) aircraft that connects adjacent cities in the 2030s.
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In addition, Hyundai Motor Group is expanding the concept to AAM as well as UAM, and recently unveiled for the first time the R&D results of ‘Project N’, a multicopter drone based on a hydrogen fuel cell and battery. Unlike the battery-based general UAM aircraft, it is designed to efficiently travel longer distances by using a hydrogen fuel system and a battery at the same time.
Hanwha Systems has selected urban air traffic as a future business and has invested 211.6 billion won so far. Although he has invested in Overair, a UAM startup established in the United States in 2019, Overair's debt ratio has soared to 2000%, showing uncertainty. However, it is explained that this is a problem that is occurring because it is still in the process of development. Hanwha Systems plans to unveil a full-size eVTOL aircraft in the first half of 2023 at the earliest, and plans to complete technical verification through its own flight test in the third quarter of the same year.
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Through this Busan Motor Show, SK Telecom reported on the ongoing UAM-related progress. Regarding eVTOL, it has entered into a strategic business agreement with Joby Aviation of the US and is focusing on aircraft development. Joby Aviation holds the record for longest flight of an eVTOL used in UAM, and is the first global leader in UAM aircraft manufacturing to be approved for G-1 certification, a commercial flight permit from the US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). is an enterprise SKT plans to lead K-UAM by combining Joby Aviation's air taxi demonstration experience with its excellent ICT infrastructure, such as telecommunication and TMAP platforms.
Regarding the establishment of related infrastructure, SK Telecom has succeeded in demonstrating a comprehensive Korean-style UAM through the ‘K-UAM Dream Team’ in which SKT participates, and is proceeding smoothly towards the goal of commercialization in 2025. SKT succeeded in controlling autonomous flying drones in conjunction with the K-Drone System*, and demonstrated the technology that can manage everything from aircraft and UAM to unmanned aerial vehicles using the airport through ICT technology. A stable connection was made between the turning UAM pilot and the ground control center by means of air and ground mobile communication networks.
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The government is accelerating the demonstration of airport shuttle service in the metropolitan area with the goal of commercializing it in 2025. The service routes centered on Gimpo Airport will consist of Tmap Mobility's app-based reservations and linked transportation boarding, and UAM operation and traffic management infrastructure using SKT's airspace network communication technology.
At the conference held at the Busan Motor Show, SK Telecom said, "Based on SKT's advanced communication and digital infrastructure, SK Telecom will play a key role in the development of the UAM industry, thereby reducing social costs caused by traffic congestion and contributing to the establishment of eco-friendly transportation methods that do not emit greenhouse gases." said.
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